{
  "id": "european-political-leaders",
  "name": "European Political Leaders",
  "title": "European Political Leaders",
  "description": "172 European heads of government with their party affiliation, left-right political position, and country, spanning several decades of parliamentary history.",
  "category": "politics",
  "source": "https://github.com/plotly/datasets",
  "source_url": "https://github.com/plotly/datasets",
  "updated": "2026-04",
  "record_count": 172,
  "columns": [
    {
      "key": "pm_name",
      "label": "Pm Name",
      "type": "string"
    },
    {
      "key": "country_name",
      "label": "Country Name",
      "type": "string"
    },
    {
      "key": "party_name_english",
      "label": "Party Name English",
      "type": "string"
    },
    {
      "key": "left_right",
      "label": "Left Right",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "stint_start",
      "label": "Stint Start",
      "type": "date"
    },
    {
      "key": "stint_end",
      "label": "Stint End",
      "type": "date"
    },
    {
      "key": "median_x",
      "label": "Median X",
      "type": "date"
    },
    {
      "key": "vert_min",
      "label": "Vert Min",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "vert_max",
      "label": "Vert Max",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "median_y",
      "label": "Median Y",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "size",
      "label": "Size",
      "type": "number"
    }
  ],
  "rows": [
    {
      "pm_name": "Klima",
      "country_name": "Austria",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Austria",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2000-02-04",
      "median_x": "2000-01-18",
      "vert_min": "780.5",
      "vert_max": "810.1",
      "median_y": "794.5",
      "size": "1006"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Schuessel",
      "country_name": "Austria",
      "party_name_english": "Austrian People's Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-02-04",
      "stint_end": "2007-01-11",
      "median_x": "2003-07-24",
      "vert_min": "780.5",
      "vert_max": "810.1",
      "median_y": "794.5",
      "size": "74976"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Gusenbauer",
      "country_name": "Austria",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Austria",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2007-01-11",
      "stint_end": "2008-12-02",
      "median_x": "2007-12-22",
      "vert_min": "780.5",
      "vert_max": "810.1",
      "median_y": "794.5",
      "size": "20453"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Faymann",
      "country_name": "Austria",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Austria",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2008-12-02",
      "stint_end": "2016-05-17",
      "median_x": "2012-08-24",
      "vert_min": "780.5",
      "vert_max": "810.1",
      "median_y": "794.5",
      "size": "80600"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kern",
      "country_name": "Austria",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Austria",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2016-05-17",
      "stint_end": "2017-12-18",
      "median_x": "2017-03-03",
      "vert_min": "780.5",
      "vert_max": "810.1",
      "median_y": "794.5",
      "size": "17167"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kurz",
      "country_name": "Austria",
      "party_name_english": "Austrian People's Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2017-12-18",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-10-03",
      "vert_min": "780.5",
      "vert_max": "810.1",
      "median_y": "794.5",
      "size": "17108"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Verhofstadt",
      "country_name": "Belgium",
      "party_name_english": "Party of Liberty and Progress | Flemish Liberals and Democrats",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2008-03-20",
      "median_x": "2004-02-09",
      "vert_min": "746.8",
      "vert_max": "780.5",
      "median_y": "762.8",
      "size": "101133"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Leterme",
      "country_name": "Belgium",
      "party_name_english": "Christian-Democrat and Flemish / New Flemish Alliance",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2008-03-20",
      "stint_end": "2008-12-30",
      "median_x": "2008-08-09",
      "vert_min": "746.8",
      "vert_max": "780.5",
      "median_y": "762.8",
      "size": "9604"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rompuy",
      "country_name": "Belgium",
      "party_name_english": "Flemish Christian Peoples Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2008-12-30",
      "stint_end": "2009-11-25",
      "median_x": "2009-06-13",
      "vert_min": "746.8",
      "vert_max": "780.5",
      "median_y": "762.8",
      "size": "11121"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Leterme",
      "country_name": "Belgium",
      "party_name_english": "Flemish Christian Peoples Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2009-11-25",
      "stint_end": "2011-12-06",
      "median_x": "2010-11-30",
      "vert_min": "746.8",
      "vert_max": "780.5",
      "median_y": "762.8",
      "size": "24971"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Di Rupo",
      "country_name": "Belgium",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party [Francophone]",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2011-12-06",
      "stint_end": "2014-10-11",
      "median_x": "2013-05-09",
      "vert_min": "746.8",
      "vert_max": "780.5",
      "median_y": "762.8",
      "size": "35048"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Michel",
      "country_name": "Belgium",
      "party_name_english": "Reformist Movement",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2014-10-11",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2017-02-28",
      "vert_min": "746.8",
      "vert_max": "780.5",
      "median_y": "762.8",
      "size": "58705"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kostov",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "United Democratic Forces",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2001-07-24",
      "median_x": "2000-10-12",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "15218"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Sakskoburggotski",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "National Movement Simeon II",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2001-07-24",
      "stint_end": "2005-08-17",
      "median_x": "2003-08-05",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "39649"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Stanishev",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "Coalition for Bulgaria | Democratic Left",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2005-08-17",
      "stint_end": "2009-07-27",
      "median_x": "2007-08-07",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "38447"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Borisov",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2009-07-27",
      "stint_end": "2013-03-13",
      "median_x": "2011-05-20",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "35377"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Raikov",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2013-03-13",
      "stint_end": "2013-05-29",
      "median_x": "2013-04-20",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "2055"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Oresharski",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2013-05-29",
      "stint_end": "2014-08-05",
      "median_x": "2013-12-31",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "11561"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Bliznashki",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2014-08-05",
      "stint_end": "2014-11-07",
      "median_x": "2014-09-21",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "2509"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Borisov",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2014-11-07",
      "stint_end": "2017-01-25",
      "median_x": "2015-12-17",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "21626"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Gerdzhikov",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "National Movement Simeon II",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2017-01-25",
      "stint_end": "2017-05-04",
      "median_x": "2017-03-15",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "2643"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Borisov",
      "country_name": "Bulgaria",
      "party_name_english": "Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2017-05-04",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-06-11",
      "vert_min": "270.3",
      "vert_max": "297",
      "median_y": "283.3",
      "size": "21520"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Racan",
      "country_name": "Croatia",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Croatia",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-27",
      "stint_end": "2003-12-23",
      "median_x": "2002-01-09",
      "vert_min": "249.9",
      "vert_max": "270.3",
      "median_y": "259.9",
      "size": "29090"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Sanader",
      "country_name": "Croatia",
      "party_name_english": "Croatian Democratic Union",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2003-12-23",
      "stint_end": "2009-07-06",
      "median_x": "2006-09-29",
      "vert_min": "249.9",
      "vert_max": "270.3",
      "median_y": "259.9",
      "size": "41248"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kosor",
      "country_name": "Croatia",
      "party_name_english": "Croatian Democratic Union",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2009-07-06",
      "stint_end": "2011-12-23",
      "median_x": "2010-09-29",
      "vert_min": "249.9",
      "vert_max": "270.3",
      "median_y": "259.9",
      "size": "18359"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Milanovic",
      "country_name": "Croatia",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Croatia",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2011-12-23",
      "stint_end": "2016-01-22",
      "median_x": "2014-01-06",
      "vert_min": "249.9",
      "vert_max": "270.3",
      "median_y": "259.9",
      "size": "30416"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Oreskovic",
      "country_name": "Croatia",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2016-01-22",
      "stint_end": "2016-10-19",
      "median_x": "2016-06-05",
      "vert_min": "249.9",
      "vert_max": "270.3",
      "median_y": "259.9",
      "size": "5528"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Plenkovic",
      "country_name": "Croatia",
      "party_name_english": "Croatian Democratic Union",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2016-10-19",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-03-04",
      "vert_min": "249.9",
      "vert_max": "270.3",
      "median_y": "259.9",
      "size": "20461"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Clerides",
      "country_name": "Cyprus",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Rally",
      "left_right": "8",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2003-02-28",
      "median_x": "2001-07-31",
      "vert_min": "514.4",
      "vert_max": "525.2",
      "median_y": "519.4",
      "size": "12463"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Papadopoulos",
      "country_name": "Cyprus",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2003-02-28",
      "stint_end": "2008-02-28",
      "median_x": "2005-08-29",
      "vert_min": "514.4",
      "vert_max": "525.2",
      "median_y": "519.4",
      "size": "19720"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Christofias",
      "country_name": "Cyprus",
      "party_name_english": "Progressive Party of Working People",
      "left_right": "1",
      "stint_start": "2008-02-28",
      "stint_end": "2013-02-27",
      "median_x": "2010-08-29",
      "vert_min": "514.4",
      "vert_max": "525.2",
      "median_y": "519.4",
      "size": "19720"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Anastasiades",
      "country_name": "Cyprus",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Rally",
      "left_right": "8",
      "stint_start": "2013-02-27",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2016-05-08",
      "vert_min": "514.4",
      "vert_max": "525.2",
      "median_y": "519.4",
      "size": "25196"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Zeman",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Czech Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2002-07-15",
      "median_x": "2001-04-08",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "30095"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Spidla",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Czech Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2002-07-15",
      "stint_end": "2004-08-04",
      "median_x": "2003-07-25",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "24407"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Gross",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Czech Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2004-08-04",
      "stint_end": "2005-04-25",
      "median_x": "2004-12-14",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "8580"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Paroubek",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Czech Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2005-04-25",
      "stint_end": "2006-08-16",
      "median_x": "2005-12-20",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "15535"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Topolanek",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Civic Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2006-08-16",
      "stint_end": "2009-04-09",
      "median_x": "2007-12-12",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "31427"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Fischer",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2009-04-09",
      "stint_end": "2010-06-28",
      "median_x": "2009-11-17",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "14462"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Necas",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Civic Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2010-06-28",
      "stint_end": "2013-07-10",
      "median_x": "2012-01-03",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "36010"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rusnok",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2013-07-10",
      "stint_end": "2014-01-17",
      "median_x": "2013-10-13",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "6207"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Sobotka",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Czech Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2014-01-17",
      "stint_end": "2017-12-13",
      "median_x": "2015-12-31",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "46345"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Babis",
      "country_name": "Czechia",
      "party_name_english": "Action of Dissatisfied Citizens",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2017-12-13",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-09-30",
      "vert_min": "217.4",
      "vert_max": "249.9",
      "median_y": "233.4",
      "size": "18947"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rasmussen N",
      "country_name": "Denmark",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democrats",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2001-11-27",
      "median_x": "2000-12-14",
      "vert_min": "865",
      "vert_max": "888.9",
      "median_y": "876",
      "size": "16634"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rasmussen F",
      "country_name": "Denmark",
      "party_name_english": "Liberal Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2001-11-27",
      "stint_end": "2009-04-05",
      "median_x": "2005-08-01",
      "vert_min": "865",
      "vert_max": "888.9",
      "median_y": "876",
      "size": "64195"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rasmussen L",
      "country_name": "Denmark",
      "party_name_english": "Liberal Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2009-04-05",
      "stint_end": "2011-10-02",
      "median_x": "2010-07-04",
      "vert_min": "865",
      "vert_max": "888.9",
      "median_y": "876",
      "size": "21749"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Thorning-Schmidt",
      "country_name": "Denmark",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democrats",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2011-10-02",
      "stint_end": "2015-06-28",
      "median_x": "2013-08-14",
      "vert_min": "865",
      "vert_max": "888.9",
      "median_y": "876",
      "size": "32623"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rasmussen L",
      "country_name": "Denmark",
      "party_name_english": "Liberal Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2015-06-28",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2017-07-08",
      "vert_min": "865",
      "vert_max": "888.9",
      "median_y": "876",
      "size": "35419"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Laar",
      "country_name": "Estonia",
      "party_name_english": "Pro Patria Union",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2002-01-28",
      "median_x": "2001-01-14",
      "vert_min": "205.9",
      "vert_max": "217.4",
      "median_y": "210.9",
      "size": "8717"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kallas",
      "country_name": "Estonia",
      "party_name_english": "Estonian Reform Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2002-01-28",
      "stint_end": "2003-04-10",
      "median_x": "2002-09-03",
      "vert_min": "205.9",
      "vert_max": "217.4",
      "median_y": "210.9",
      "size": "5025"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Parts",
      "country_name": "Estonia",
      "party_name_english": "Res Publica Party",
      "left_right": "8",
      "stint_start": "2003-04-10",
      "stint_end": "2005-04-13",
      "median_x": "2004-04-11",
      "vert_min": "205.9",
      "vert_max": "217.4",
      "median_y": "210.9",
      "size": "8441"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Ansip",
      "country_name": "Estonia",
      "party_name_english": "Estonian Reform Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2005-04-13",
      "stint_end": "2014-03-26",
      "median_x": "2009-10-03",
      "vert_min": "205.9",
      "vert_max": "217.4",
      "median_y": "210.9",
      "size": "37593"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Roivas",
      "country_name": "Estonia",
      "party_name_english": "Estonian Reform Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2014-03-26",
      "stint_end": "2016-11-20",
      "median_x": "2015-07-24",
      "vert_min": "205.9",
      "vert_max": "217.4",
      "median_y": "210.9",
      "size": "11155"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Ratas",
      "country_name": "Estonia",
      "party_name_english": "Estonian Centre Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2016-11-20",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-03-20",
      "vert_min": "205.9",
      "vert_max": "217.4",
      "median_y": "210.9",
      "size": "11166"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Lipponen",
      "country_name": "Finland",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Finland",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2003-04-17",
      "median_x": "2001-08-24",
      "vert_min": "841.6",
      "vert_max": "865",
      "median_y": "852.6",
      "size": "28126"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Jaatteenmaki",
      "country_name": "Finland",
      "party_name_english": "Centre Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2003-04-17",
      "stint_end": "2003-06-24",
      "median_x": "2003-05-21",
      "vert_min": "841.6",
      "vert_max": "865",
      "median_y": "852.6",
      "size": "1591"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Vanhanen",
      "country_name": "Finland",
      "party_name_english": "Centre Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2003-06-24",
      "stint_end": "2010-06-22",
      "median_x": "2006-12-22",
      "vert_min": "841.6",
      "vert_max": "865",
      "median_y": "852.6",
      "size": "59786"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kiviniemi",
      "country_name": "Finland",
      "party_name_english": "Centre Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2010-06-22",
      "stint_end": "2011-06-22",
      "median_x": "2010-12-21",
      "vert_min": "841.6",
      "vert_max": "865",
      "median_y": "852.6",
      "size": "8540"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Katainen",
      "country_name": "Finland",
      "party_name_english": "National Coalition Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2011-06-22",
      "stint_end": "2014-06-24",
      "median_x": "2012-12-22",
      "vert_min": "841.6",
      "vert_max": "865",
      "median_y": "852.6",
      "size": "25693"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Stubb",
      "country_name": "Finland",
      "party_name_english": "National Coalition Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2014-06-24",
      "stint_end": "2015-05-29",
      "median_x": "2014-12-10",
      "vert_min": "841.6",
      "vert_max": "865",
      "median_y": "852.6",
      "size": "7932"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Sipilae",
      "country_name": "Finland",
      "party_name_english": "Centre Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2015-05-29",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2017-06-23",
      "vert_min": "841.6",
      "vert_max": "865",
      "median_y": "852.6",
      "size": "35380"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Jospin",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2002-05-07",
      "median_x": "2001-03-04",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "70102"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Raffarin",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Rally for the Republic",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2002-05-07",
      "stint_end": "2005-05-31",
      "median_x": "2003-11-18",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "91615"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Villepin",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Union for a Popular Movement | The Republicans",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2005-05-31",
      "stint_end": "2007-05-18",
      "median_x": "2006-05-24",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "58650"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Fillon",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Union for a Popular Movement | The Republicans",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2007-05-18",
      "stint_end": "2012-05-15",
      "median_x": "2009-11-15",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "149203"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Ayrault",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2012-05-15",
      "stint_end": "2014-03-31",
      "median_x": "2013-04-22",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "56032"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Valls",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2014-03-31",
      "stint_end": "2016-12-06",
      "median_x": "2015-08-03",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "80245"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Cazeneuve",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2016-12-06",
      "stint_end": "2017-06-14",
      "median_x": "2017-03-11",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "15541"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Philippe",
      "country_name": "France",
      "party_name_english": "Union for a Popular Movement | The Republicans",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2017-06-14",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-07-01",
      "vert_min": "665",
      "vert_max": "746.8",
      "median_y": "705",
      "size": "62576"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Schroeder",
      "country_name": "Germany",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party of Germany",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2005-11-22",
      "median_x": "2002-12-12",
      "vert_min": "574.1",
      "vert_max": "665",
      "median_y": "619.1",
      "size": "195616"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Merkel",
      "country_name": "Germany",
      "party_name_english": "Christian Democratic Union / Christian Social Union",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2005-11-22",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2012-09-19",
      "vert_min": "574.1",
      "vert_max": "665",
      "median_y": "619.1",
      "size": "453318"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Simitis",
      "country_name": "Greece",
      "party_name_english": "Panhellenic Socialist Movement",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2004-03-10",
      "median_x": "2002-02-04",
      "vert_min": "481.6",
      "vert_max": "514.4",
      "median_y": "497.6",
      "size": "50184"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Karamanlis Kos",
      "country_name": "Greece",
      "party_name_english": "New Democracy",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2004-03-10",
      "stint_end": "2009-10-06",
      "median_x": "2006-12-23",
      "vert_min": "481.6",
      "vert_max": "514.4",
      "median_y": "497.6",
      "size": "66780"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Papandreou G",
      "country_name": "Greece",
      "party_name_english": "Panhellenic Socialist Movement",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2009-10-06",
      "stint_end": "2011-11-11",
      "median_x": "2010-10-24",
      "vert_min": "481.6",
      "vert_max": "514.4",
      "median_y": "497.6",
      "size": "25124"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Papademos",
      "country_name": "Greece",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2011-11-11",
      "stint_end": "2012-05-16",
      "median_x": "2012-02-12",
      "vert_min": "481.6",
      "vert_max": "514.4",
      "median_y": "497.6",
      "size": "6133"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Pikramenos",
      "country_name": "Greece",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2012-05-16",
      "stint_end": "2012-06-20",
      "median_x": "2012-06-02",
      "vert_min": "481.6",
      "vert_max": "514.4",
      "median_y": "497.6",
      "size": "1148"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Samaras",
      "country_name": "Greece",
      "party_name_english": "New Democracy",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2012-06-20",
      "stint_end": "2015-01-27",
      "median_x": "2013-10-08",
      "vert_min": "481.6",
      "vert_max": "514.4",
      "median_y": "497.6",
      "size": "31192"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Tsipras",
      "country_name": "Greece",
      "party_name_english": "Coalition of the Radical Left",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2015-01-27",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2017-04-23",
      "vert_min": "481.6",
      "vert_max": "514.4",
      "median_y": "497.6",
      "size": "53595"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Orban",
      "country_name": "Hungary",
      "party_name_english": "Fidesz -- Hungarian Civic Union",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2002-05-27",
      "median_x": "2001-03-14",
      "vert_min": "174.6",
      "vert_max": "205.9",
      "median_y": "189.6",
      "size": "27450"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Medgyessy",
      "country_name": "Hungary",
      "party_name_english": "Hungarian Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2002-05-27",
      "stint_end": "2004-09-29",
      "median_x": "2003-07-29",
      "vert_min": "174.6",
      "vert_max": "205.9",
      "median_y": "189.6",
      "size": "26792"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Gyurcsany",
      "country_name": "Hungary",
      "party_name_english": "Hungarian Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2004-09-29",
      "stint_end": "2009-04-14",
      "median_x": "2007-01-06",
      "vert_min": "174.6",
      "vert_max": "205.9",
      "median_y": "189.6",
      "size": "51895"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Bajnai",
      "country_name": "Hungary",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2009-04-14",
      "stint_end": "2010-05-29",
      "median_x": "2009-11-05",
      "vert_min": "174.6",
      "vert_max": "205.9",
      "median_y": "189.6",
      "size": "12833"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Orban",
      "country_name": "Hungary",
      "party_name_english": "Fidesz -- Hungarian Civic Union",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2010-05-29",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2014-12-23",
      "vert_min": "174.6",
      "vert_max": "205.9",
      "median_y": "189.6",
      "size": "104479"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Ahern",
      "country_name": "Ireland",
      "party_name_english": "Fianna Fail",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2008-05-07",
      "median_x": "2004-03-04",
      "vert_min": "969.9",
      "vert_max": "991.7",
      "median_y": "979.9",
      "size": "66468"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Cowen",
      "country_name": "Ireland",
      "party_name_english": "Fianna Fail",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2008-05-07",
      "stint_end": "2011-03-09",
      "median_x": "2009-10-07",
      "vert_min": "969.9",
      "vert_max": "991.7",
      "median_y": "979.9",
      "size": "22584"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kenny",
      "country_name": "Ireland",
      "party_name_english": "Fine Gael (Familiy of the Irish)",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2011-03-09",
      "stint_end": "2017-06-14",
      "median_x": "2014-04-26",
      "vert_min": "969.9",
      "vert_max": "991.7",
      "median_y": "979.9",
      "size": "49900"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Varadkar",
      "country_name": "Ireland",
      "party_name_english": "Fine Gael (Familiy of the Irish)",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2017-06-14",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-07-01",
      "vert_min": "969.9",
      "vert_max": "991.7",
      "median_y": "979.9",
      "size": "16677"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "D'Alema",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Democrats of the Left",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2000-04-28",
      "median_x": "2000-02-29",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "9180"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Amato",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Prime minister",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2000-04-28",
      "stint_end": "2001-06-11",
      "median_x": "2000-11-18",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "31820"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Berlusconi",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Go Italy -- The People of Freedom",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2001-06-11",
      "stint_end": "2006-05-17",
      "median_x": "2003-11-28",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "140117"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Prodi",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Centre Left",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2006-05-17",
      "stint_end": "2008-05-08",
      "median_x": "2007-05-13",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "56171"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Berlusconi",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Go Italy -- The People of Freedom",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2008-05-08",
      "stint_end": "2011-11-16",
      "median_x": "2010-02-10",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "100128"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Monti",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Prime minister",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2011-11-16",
      "stint_end": "2013-04-27",
      "median_x": "2012-08-06",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "41078"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Letta",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2013-04-27",
      "stint_end": "2014-02-22",
      "median_x": "2013-09-24",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "23417"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Renzi",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2014-02-22",
      "stint_end": "2016-12-12",
      "median_x": "2015-07-19",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "79667"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Gentiloni",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2016-12-12",
      "stint_end": "2018-06-01",
      "median_x": "2017-09-06",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "41700"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Conte",
      "country_name": "Italy",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2018-06-01",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-12-24",
      "vert_min": "403.8",
      "vert_max": "481.6",
      "median_y": "441.8",
      "size": "32131"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Skele",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "People's Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2000-05-04",
      "median_x": "2000-03-03",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "1736"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Berzins",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "Latvian Way",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-05-04",
      "stint_end": "2002-11-07",
      "median_x": "2001-08-05",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "12838"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Repse",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "New Era",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2002-11-07",
      "stint_end": "2004-03-09",
      "median_x": "2003-07-09",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "6832"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Emsis",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "Green and Farmers' Union",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2004-03-09",
      "stint_end": "2004-12-02",
      "median_x": "2004-07-21",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "3752"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kalvitis",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "People's Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2004-12-02",
      "stint_end": "2007-12-20",
      "median_x": "2006-06-11",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "15582"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Godmanis",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "Latvian First Party / Latvian Way Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2007-12-20",
      "stint_end": "2009-02-26",
      "median_x": "2008-07-24",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "6076"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Dombrovskis",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "New Era",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2009-02-26",
      "stint_end": "2014-01-22",
      "median_x": "2011-08-10",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "25074"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Straujuma",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "Unity",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2014-01-22",
      "stint_end": "2016-02-11",
      "median_x": "2015-02-01",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "10500"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kucinskis",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "Green and Farmers' Union",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2016-02-11",
      "stint_end": "2019-01-23",
      "median_x": "2017-08-02",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "15078"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Karins",
      "country_name": "Latvia",
      "party_name_english": "Unity",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2019-01-23",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2019-04-21",
      "vert_min": "160.6",
      "vert_max": "174.6",
      "median_y": "167.6",
      "size": "2478"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kubilius",
      "country_name": "Lithuania",
      "party_name_english": "Homeland Union",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2000-10-26",
      "median_x": "2000-05-29",
      "vert_min": "143.7",
      "vert_max": "160.6",
      "median_y": "151.7",
      "size": "5053"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Paksas",
      "country_name": "Lithuania",
      "party_name_english": "Liberal Union of Lithuania",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-10-26",
      "stint_end": "2001-07-03",
      "median_x": "2001-02-28",
      "vert_min": "143.7",
      "vert_max": "160.6",
      "median_y": "151.7",
      "size": "4224"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Brazauskas",
      "country_name": "Lithuania",
      "party_name_english": "Lithuanian Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2001-07-03",
      "stint_end": "2006-07-04",
      "median_x": "2004-01-02",
      "vert_min": "143.7",
      "vert_max": "160.6",
      "median_y": "151.7",
      "size": "30876"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kirkilas",
      "country_name": "Lithuania",
      "party_name_english": "Lithuanian Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2006-07-04",
      "stint_end": "2008-11-27",
      "median_x": "2007-09-15",
      "vert_min": "143.7",
      "vert_max": "160.6",
      "median_y": "151.7",
      "size": "14821"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kubilius",
      "country_name": "Lithuania",
      "party_name_english": "Homeland Union",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2008-11-27",
      "stint_end": "2012-11-22",
      "median_x": "2010-11-25",
      "vert_min": "143.7",
      "vert_max": "160.6",
      "median_y": "151.7",
      "size": "24606"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Butkevicius",
      "country_name": "Lithuania",
      "party_name_english": "Lithuanian Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2012-11-22",
      "stint_end": "2016-11-22",
      "median_x": "2014-11-22",
      "vert_min": "143.7",
      "vert_max": "160.6",
      "median_y": "151.7",
      "size": "24690"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Skvernelis",
      "country_name": "Lithuania",
      "party_name_english": "Lithuanian Peasant Union",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2016-11-22",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-03-21",
      "vert_min": "143.7",
      "vert_max": "160.6",
      "median_y": "151.7",
      "size": "16376"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Juncker",
      "country_name": "Luxembourg",
      "party_name_english": "Christian Social People's Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2013-12-04",
      "median_x": "2006-12-18",
      "vert_min": "566.5",
      "vert_max": "574.1",
      "median_y": "569.5",
      "size": "38653"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Bettel",
      "country_name": "Luxembourg",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2013-12-04",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2016-09-25",
      "vert_min": "566.5",
      "vert_max": "574.1",
      "median_y": "569.5",
      "size": "15602"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Fenech Adami",
      "country_name": "Malta",
      "party_name_english": "Nationalist Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2004-03-23",
      "median_x": "2002-02-10",
      "vert_min": "397.2",
      "vert_max": "403.8",
      "median_y": "400.2",
      "size": "10183"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Gonzi",
      "country_name": "Malta",
      "party_name_english": "Nationalist Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2004-03-23",
      "stint_end": "2013-03-11",
      "median_x": "2008-09-15",
      "vert_min": "397.2",
      "vert_max": "403.8",
      "median_y": "400.2",
      "size": "21615"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Muscat",
      "country_name": "Malta",
      "party_name_english": "Malta Labour Party",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2013-03-11",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2016-05-14",
      "vert_min": "397.2",
      "vert_max": "403.8",
      "median_y": "400.2",
      "size": "15318"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kok",
      "country_name": "Netherlands",
      "party_name_english": "Labour Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2002-07-22",
      "median_x": "2001-04-11",
      "vert_min": "525.2",
      "vert_max": "566.5",
      "median_y": "545.2",
      "size": "38532"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Balkenende",
      "country_name": "Netherlands",
      "party_name_english": "Christian Democratic Appeal",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2002-07-22",
      "stint_end": "2010-10-14",
      "median_x": "2006-09-02",
      "vert_min": "525.2",
      "vert_max": "566.5",
      "median_y": "545.2",
      "size": "124147"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rutte",
      "country_name": "Netherlands",
      "party_name_english": "People's Party for Freedom and Democracy",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2010-10-14",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2015-03-02",
      "vert_min": "525.2",
      "vert_max": "566.5",
      "median_y": "545.2",
      "size": "132160"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Buzek",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Solidarity Electoral Action",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2001-10-19",
      "median_x": "2000-11-24",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "40471"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Miller",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Left Alliance",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2001-10-19",
      "stint_end": "2004-05-02",
      "median_x": "2003-01-25",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "57041"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Belka",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Left Alliance",
      "left_right": "2",
      "stint_start": "2004-05-02",
      "stint_end": "2005-10-31",
      "median_x": "2005-01-30",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "33695"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Marcinkiewicz",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Law and Justice",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2005-10-31",
      "stint_end": "2006-07-14",
      "median_x": "2006-03-08",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "15769"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kaczynski",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Law and Justice",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2006-07-14",
      "stint_end": "2007-11-16",
      "median_x": "2007-03-16",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "30184"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Tusk",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Civic Platform",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2007-11-16",
      "stint_end": "2014-09-22",
      "median_x": "2011-04-20",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "154123"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Kopacz",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Civic Platform",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2014-09-22",
      "stint_end": "2015-11-16",
      "median_x": "2015-04-20",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "25872"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Szydlo",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Law and Justice",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2015-11-16",
      "stint_end": "2017-12-11",
      "median_x": "2016-11-28",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "46569"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Morawiecki",
      "country_name": "Poland",
      "party_name_english": "Law and Justice",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2017-12-11",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-09-29",
      "vert_min": "82.1",
      "vert_max": "143.7",
      "median_y": "112.1",
      "size": "36036"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Guterres",
      "country_name": "Portugal",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2002-04-06",
      "median_x": "2001-02-17",
      "vert_min": "365.1",
      "vert_max": "397.2",
      "median_y": "381.1",
      "size": "26514"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Barroso",
      "country_name": "Portugal",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2002-04-06",
      "stint_end": "2004-07-23",
      "median_x": "2003-05-30",
      "vert_min": "365.1",
      "vert_max": "397.2",
      "median_y": "381.1",
      "size": "26931"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Santana Lopes",
      "country_name": "Portugal",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2004-07-23",
      "stint_end": "2005-03-12",
      "median_x": "2004-11-16",
      "vert_min": "365.1",
      "vert_max": "397.2",
      "median_y": "381.1",
      "size": "7447"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Socrates",
      "country_name": "Portugal",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2005-03-12",
      "stint_end": "2011-06-15",
      "median_x": "2008-04-28",
      "vert_min": "365.1",
      "vert_max": "397.2",
      "median_y": "381.1",
      "size": "73380"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Passos Coelho",
      "country_name": "Portugal",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2011-06-15",
      "stint_end": "2015-11-26",
      "median_x": "2013-09-04",
      "vert_min": "365.1",
      "vert_max": "397.2",
      "median_y": "381.1",
      "size": "52162"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Costa",
      "country_name": "Portugal",
      "party_name_english": "Socialist Party",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2015-11-26",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2017-09-21",
      "vert_min": "365.1",
      "vert_max": "397.2",
      "median_y": "381.1",
      "size": "42725"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Isarescu",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2000-12-20",
      "median_x": "2000-06-26",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "15717"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Nastase",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-12-20",
      "stint_end": "2004-12-29",
      "median_x": "2002-12-25",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "65267"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Popescu-Tariceanu",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "National Liberal Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2004-12-29",
      "stint_end": "2008-12-22",
      "median_x": "2006-12-26",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "64557"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Boc",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Liberal Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2008-12-22",
      "stint_end": "2012-02-09",
      "median_x": "2010-07-17",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "50793"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Ungureanu",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "Democratic Liberal Party",
      "left_right": "5",
      "stint_start": "2012-02-09",
      "stint_end": "2012-05-07",
      "median_x": "2012-03-24",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "3907"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Ponta",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2012-05-07",
      "stint_end": "2015-11-10",
      "median_x": "2014-02-07",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "56920"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Ciolos",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "no party affiliation",
      "left_right": "NA",
      "stint_start": "2015-11-10",
      "stint_end": "2017-01-04",
      "median_x": "2016-06-07",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "18692"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Grindeanu",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2017-01-04",
      "stint_end": "2017-06-29",
      "median_x": "2017-04-02",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "7814"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Tudose",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2017-06-29",
      "stint_end": "2018-01-29",
      "median_x": "2017-10-14",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "9501"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Dancila",
      "country_name": "Romania",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2018-01-29",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-10-24",
      "vert_min": "37.7",
      "vert_max": "82.1",
      "median_y": "59.7",
      "size": "23798"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Dzurinda",
      "country_name": "Slovakia",
      "party_name_english": "Slovak Democratic Coalition",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2006-07-04",
      "median_x": "2003-04-03",
      "vert_min": "14.4000000000001",
      "vert_max": "37.7",
      "median_y": "25.4000000000001",
      "size": "55360"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Fico",
      "country_name": "Slovakia",
      "party_name_english": "Direction -- Social Democracy",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2006-07-04",
      "stint_end": "2010-07-08",
      "median_x": "2008-07-05",
      "vert_min": "14.4000000000001",
      "vert_max": "37.7",
      "median_y": "25.4000000000001",
      "size": "34134"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Radicova",
      "country_name": "Slovakia",
      "party_name_english": "Slovak Democratic and Christian Union -- Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2010-07-08",
      "stint_end": "2012-04-04",
      "median_x": "2011-05-22",
      "vert_min": "14.4000000000001",
      "vert_max": "37.7",
      "median_y": "25.4000000000001",
      "size": "14818"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Fico",
      "country_name": "Slovakia",
      "party_name_english": "Direction -- Social Democracy",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2012-04-04",
      "stint_end": "2018-03-22",
      "median_x": "2015-03-29",
      "vert_min": "14.4000000000001",
      "vert_max": "37.7",
      "median_y": "25.4000000000001",
      "size": "50747"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Pellegrini",
      "country_name": "Slovakia",
      "party_name_english": "Direction -- Social Democracy",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2018-03-22",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-11-19",
      "vert_min": "14.4000000000001",
      "vert_max": "37.7",
      "median_y": "25.4000000000001",
      "size": "11277"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Drnovsek",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Liberal Democracy of Slovenia",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2000-06-07",
      "median_x": "2000-03-20",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "2275"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Bajuk",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Slovenian People's Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2000-06-07",
      "stint_end": "2000-11-30",
      "median_x": "2000-09-03",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "2534"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Drnovsek",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Liberal Democracy of Slovenia",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-11-30",
      "stint_end": "2002-12-19",
      "median_x": "2001-12-09",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "10785"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rop",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Liberal Democracy of Slovenia",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2002-12-19",
      "stint_end": "2004-12-03",
      "median_x": "2003-12-11",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "10296"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Jansa",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Slovenian Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2004-12-03",
      "stint_end": "2008-11-21",
      "median_x": "2006-11-27",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "20865"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Pahor",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "United List -- Social Democrats",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2008-11-21",
      "stint_end": "2012-01-28",
      "median_x": "2010-06-25",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "16747"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Jansa",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Slovenian Democratic Party",
      "left_right": "6",
      "stint_start": "2012-01-28",
      "stint_end": "2013-03-20",
      "median_x": "2012-08-23",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "6004"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Bratusek",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Zoran Jankovic's List -- Positive Slovenia",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2013-03-20",
      "stint_end": "2014-08-25",
      "median_x": "2013-12-06",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "7531"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Cerar",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "Party of Miro Cerar",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2014-08-25",
      "stint_end": "2018-08-17",
      "median_x": "2016-08-20",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "20923"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Sarec",
      "country_name": "Slovenia",
      "party_name_english": "List of Marjan Sarec",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2018-08-17",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2019-02-01",
      "vert_min": "0",
      "vert_max": "14.4000000000001",
      "median_y": "7",
      "size": "4838"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Aznar",
      "country_name": "Spain",
      "party_name_english": "People's Alliance-Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2004-04-17",
      "median_x": "2002-02-23",
      "vert_min": "297",
      "vert_max": "365.1",
      "median_y": "331",
      "size": "106780"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Zapatero",
      "country_name": "Spain",
      "party_name_english": "Spanish Socialist Workers Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2004-04-17",
      "stint_end": "2011-12-21",
      "median_x": "2008-02-18",
      "vert_min": "297",
      "vert_max": "365.1",
      "median_y": "331",
      "size": "190952"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Rajoy",
      "country_name": "Spain",
      "party_name_english": "People's Alliance-Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2011-12-21",
      "stint_end": "2018-06-02",
      "median_x": "2015-03-12",
      "vert_min": "297",
      "vert_max": "365.1",
      "median_y": "331",
      "size": "160375"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Sanchez",
      "country_name": "Spain",
      "party_name_english": "Spanish Socialist Workers Party",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2018-06-02",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-12-25",
      "vert_min": "297",
      "vert_max": "365.1",
      "median_y": "331",
      "size": "28057"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Persson",
      "country_name": "Sweden",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democrats",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2006-10-05",
      "median_x": "2003-05-19",
      "vert_min": "810.1",
      "vert_max": "841.6",
      "median_y": "825.1",
      "size": "77773"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Reinfeldt",
      "country_name": "Sweden",
      "party_name_english": "Moderate Party",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2006-10-05",
      "stint_end": "2014-10-02",
      "median_x": "2010-10-03",
      "vert_min": "810.1",
      "vert_max": "841.6",
      "median_y": "825.1",
      "size": "91948"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Lofven",
      "country_name": "Sweden",
      "party_name_english": "Social Democrats",
      "left_right": "3",
      "stint_start": "2014-10-02",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2017-02-23",
      "vert_min": "810.1",
      "vert_max": "841.6",
      "median_y": "825.1",
      "size": "55156"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Blair",
      "country_name": "United Kingdom",
      "party_name_english": "Labour",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2000-01-01",
      "stint_end": "2007-06-27",
      "median_x": "2003-09-29",
      "vert_min": "888.9",
      "vert_max": "969.9",
      "median_y": "928.9",
      "size": "221454"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Brown",
      "country_name": "United Kingdom",
      "party_name_english": "Labour",
      "left_right": "4",
      "stint_start": "2007-06-27",
      "stint_end": "2010-05-11",
      "median_x": "2008-12-02",
      "vert_min": "888.9",
      "vert_max": "969.9",
      "median_y": "928.9",
      "size": "84969"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "Cameron",
      "country_name": "United Kingdom",
      "party_name_english": "Conservatives",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2010-05-11",
      "stint_end": "2016-07-13",
      "median_x": "2013-06-11",
      "vert_min": "888.9",
      "vert_max": "969.9",
      "median_y": "928.9",
      "size": "182655"
    },
    {
      "pm_name": "May",
      "country_name": "United Kingdom",
      "party_name_english": "Conservatives",
      "left_right": "7",
      "stint_start": "2016-07-13",
      "stint_end": "2019-07-19",
      "median_x": "2018-01-14",
      "vert_min": "888.9",
      "vert_max": "969.9",
      "median_y": "928.9",
      "size": "89181"
    }
  ],
  "meta": {
    "title": "European Political Leaders - Free Download",
    "description": "172 European heads of government with their party affiliation, left-right political position, and country, spanning several decades of parliamentary history. Contains 172 records. Download in Excel, CSV, PDF formats.",
    "seo_title": "European Political Leaders | ListBase",
    "seo_description": "Download European Political Leaders — 172 records. Available in Excel, CSV, PDF formats.",
    "key_takeaways": [
      "Contains 172 records / 11 fields",
      "Available for free download in Excel, CSV, and PDF formats",
      "Data sourced from: https://github.com/plotly/datasets"
    ]
  }
}