{
  "id": "us-house-representatives-historical-composition",
  "name": "US House of Representatives Historical Composition",
  "title": "US House of Representatives Historical Composition",
  "description": "Historical party composition of the US House of Representatives by Congress from 1789 to present, showing seat counts by political party.",
  "category": "politics",
  "source": "https://github.com/vincentarelbundock/Rdatasets",
  "source_url": "https://github.com/vincentarelbundock/Rdatasets",
  "updated": "2026-04",
  "record_count": 116,
  "columns": [
    {
      "key": "congress",
      "label": "Congress",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "year_start",
      "label": "Year Start",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "year_end",
      "label": "Year End",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "seats",
      "label": "Seats",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "p1",
      "label": "P1",
      "type": "string"
    },
    {
      "key": "np1",
      "label": "Np1",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "p2",
      "label": "P2",
      "type": "string"
    },
    {
      "key": "np2",
      "label": "Np2",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "other",
      "label": "Other",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "vac",
      "label": "Vac",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "del",
      "label": "Del",
      "type": "number"
    },
    {
      "key": "res",
      "label": "Res",
      "type": "number"
    }
  ],
  "rows": [
    {
      "congress": "1",
      "year_start": "1789",
      "year_end": "1791",
      "seats": "65",
      "p1": "Pro-Administration",
      "np1": "37",
      "p2": "Anti-Administration",
      "np2": "28",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "0",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "2",
      "year_start": "1791",
      "year_end": "1793",
      "seats": "69",
      "p1": "Pro-Administration",
      "np1": "39",
      "p2": "Anti-Administration",
      "np2": "30",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "0",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "3",
      "year_start": "1793",
      "year_end": "1795",
      "seats": "106",
      "p1": "Pro-Administration",
      "np1": "51",
      "p2": "Anti-Administration",
      "np2": "54",
      "other": "1",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "1",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "4",
      "year_start": "1795",
      "year_end": "1797",
      "seats": "106",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "47",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "59",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "1",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "5",
      "year_start": "1797",
      "year_end": "1799",
      "seats": "106",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "57",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "49",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "0",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "6",
      "year_start": "1799",
      "year_end": "1801",
      "seats": "106",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "60",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "46",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "1",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "7",
      "year_start": "1801",
      "year_end": "1803",
      "seats": "107",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "38",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "68",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "1",
      "del": "2",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "8",
      "year_start": "1803",
      "year_end": "1805",
      "seats": "142",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "39",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "103",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "1",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "9",
      "year_start": "1805",
      "year_end": "1807",
      "seats": "142",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "28",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "114",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "10",
      "year_start": "1807",
      "year_end": "1809",
      "seats": "142",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "26",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "116",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "11",
      "year_start": "1809",
      "year_end": "1811",
      "seats": "142",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "50",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "92",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "12",
      "year_start": "1811",
      "year_end": "1813",
      "seats": "143",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "36",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "107",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "5",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "13",
      "year_start": "1813",
      "year_end": "1815",
      "seats": "182",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "68",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "114",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "14",
      "year_start": "1815",
      "year_end": "1817",
      "seats": "183",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "64",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "119",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "15",
      "year_start": "1817",
      "year_end": "1819",
      "seats": "185",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "39",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "146",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "16",
      "year_start": "1819",
      "year_end": "1821",
      "seats": "186",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "26",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "160",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "17",
      "year_start": "1821",
      "year_end": "1823",
      "seats": "187",
      "p1": "Federalists",
      "np1": "32",
      "p2": "Jeffersonian Republicans",
      "np2": "155",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "18",
      "year_start": "1823",
      "year_end": "1825",
      "seats": "213",
      "p1": "Adams-Clay Republicans",
      "np1": "72",
      "p2": "Jackson Republicans",
      "np2": "64",
      "other": "77",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "19",
      "year_start": "1825",
      "year_end": "1827",
      "seats": "213",
      "p1": "Adams",
      "np1": "109",
      "p2": "Jacksons",
      "np2": "104",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "20",
      "year_start": "1827",
      "year_end": "1829",
      "seats": "213",
      "p1": "Adams",
      "np1": "100",
      "p2": "Jacksons",
      "np2": "113",
      "other": "0",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "21",
      "year_start": "1829",
      "year_end": "1831",
      "seats": "213",
      "p1": "Anti-Jacksons",
      "np1": "72",
      "p2": "Jacksons",
      "np2": "136",
      "other": "5",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "22",
      "year_start": "1831",
      "year_end": "1833",
      "seats": "213",
      "p1": "Anti-Jacksons",
      "np1": "66",
      "p2": "Jacksons",
      "np2": "126",
      "other": "21",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "23",
      "year_start": "1833",
      "year_end": "1835",
      "seats": "240",
      "p1": "Anti-Jacksons",
      "np1": "63",
      "p2": "Jacksons",
      "np2": "143",
      "other": "34",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "24",
      "year_start": "1835",
      "year_end": "1837",
      "seats": "242",
      "p1": "Anti-Jacksons",
      "np1": "75",
      "p2": "Jacksons",
      "np2": "143",
      "other": "24",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "25",
      "year_start": "1837",
      "year_end": "1839",
      "seats": "242",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "128",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "100",
      "other": "14",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "26",
      "year_start": "1839",
      "year_end": "1841",
      "seats": "242",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "125",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "109",
      "other": "8",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "27",
      "year_start": "1841",
      "year_end": "1843",
      "seats": "242",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "98",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "142",
      "other": "2",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "28",
      "year_start": "1843",
      "year_end": "1845",
      "seats": "223",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "147",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "72",
      "other": "4",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "29",
      "year_start": "1845",
      "year_end": "1847",
      "seats": "228",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "142",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "79",
      "other": "6",
      "vac": "1",
      "del": "2",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "30",
      "year_start": "1847",
      "year_end": "1849",
      "seats": "230",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "110",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "116",
      "other": "4",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "1",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "31",
      "year_start": "1849",
      "year_end": "1851",
      "seats": "233",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "113",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "108",
      "other": "11",
      "vac": "1",
      "del": "2",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "32",
      "year_start": "1851",
      "year_end": "1853",
      "seats": "233",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "127",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "85",
      "other": "21",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "33",
      "year_start": "1853",
      "year_end": "1855",
      "seats": "234",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "157",
      "p2": "Whigs",
      "np2": "71",
      "other": "6",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "7",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "34",
      "year_start": "1855",
      "year_end": "1857",
      "seats": "234",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "83",
      "p2": "Oppositions",
      "np2": "100",
      "other": "51",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "7",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "35",
      "year_start": "1857",
      "year_end": "1859",
      "seats": "237",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "132",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "90",
      "other": "15",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "7",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "36",
      "year_start": "1859",
      "year_end": "1861",
      "seats": "238",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "83",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "116",
      "other": "39",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "5",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "37",
      "year_start": "1861",
      "year_end": "1863",
      "seats": "183",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "44",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "108",
      "other": "31",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "7",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "38",
      "year_start": "1863",
      "year_end": "1865",
      "seats": "184",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "72",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "85",
      "other": "27",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "10",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "39",
      "year_start": "1865",
      "year_end": "1867",
      "seats": "193",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "38",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "136",
      "other": "19",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "9",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "40",
      "year_start": "1867",
      "year_end": "1869",
      "seats": "226",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "47",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "173",
      "other": "4",
      "vac": "2",
      "del": "8",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "41",
      "year_start": "1869",
      "year_end": "1871",
      "seats": "243",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "67",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "171",
      "other": "5",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "9",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "42",
      "year_start": "1871",
      "year_end": "1873",
      "seats": "243",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "104",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "136",
      "other": "3",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "10",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "43",
      "year_start": "1873",
      "year_end": "1875",
      "seats": "292",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "88",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "199",
      "other": "5",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "10",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "44",
      "year_start": "1875",
      "year_end": "1877",
      "seats": "293",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "182",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "103",
      "other": "8",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "9",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "45",
      "year_start": "1877",
      "year_end": "1879",
      "seats": "293",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "155",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "136",
      "other": "2",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "8",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "46",
      "year_start": "1879",
      "year_end": "1881",
      "seats": "293",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "141",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "132",
      "other": "20",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "8",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "47",
      "year_start": "1881",
      "year_end": "1883",
      "seats": "293",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "128",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "151",
      "other": "14",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "8",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "48",
      "year_start": "1883",
      "year_end": "1885",
      "seats": "325",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "196",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "117",
      "other": "12",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "8",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "49",
      "year_start": "1885",
      "year_end": "1887",
      "seats": "325",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "182",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "141",
      "other": "2",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "8",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "50",
      "year_start": "1887",
      "year_end": "1889",
      "seats": "325",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "167",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "152",
      "other": "6",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "8",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "51",
      "year_start": "1889",
      "year_end": "1891",
      "seats": "332",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "152",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "179",
      "other": "1",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "9",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "52",
      "year_start": "1891",
      "year_end": "1893",
      "seats": "332",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "238",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "86",
      "other": "8",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "53",
      "year_start": "1893",
      "year_end": "1895",
      "seats": "356",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "218",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "124",
      "other": "14",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "54",
      "year_start": "1895",
      "year_end": "1897",
      "seats": "357",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "93",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "254",
      "other": "10",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "55",
      "year_start": "1897",
      "year_end": "1899",
      "seats": "357",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "124",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "206",
      "other": "27",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "3",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "56",
      "year_start": "1899",
      "year_end": "1901",
      "seats": "357",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "161",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "187",
      "other": "9",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "0"
    },
    {
      "congress": "57",
      "year_start": "1901",
      "year_end": "1903",
      "seats": "357",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "151",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "200",
      "other": "6",
      "vac": "0",
      "del": "4",
      "res": "1"
    },
    {
      "congress": "58",
      "year_start": "1903",
      "year_end": "1905",
      "seats": "386",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "176",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "207",
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    {
      "congress": "114",
      "year_start": "2015",
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    {
      "congress": "115",
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      "year_end": "2019",
      "seats": "435",
      "p1": "Democrats",
      "np1": "194",
      "p2": "Republicans",
      "np2": "241",
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    },
    {
      "congress": "116",
      "year_start": "2019",
      "year_end": "2021",
      "seats": "435",
      "p1": "Democrats",
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  ],
  "meta": {
    "title": "US House of Representatives Historical Composition - Free Download",
    "description": "Historical party composition of the US House of Representatives by Congress from 1789 to present, showing seat counts by political party. Contains 116 records. Download in Excel, CSV, PDF formats.",
    "seo_title": "US House of Representatives Historical Composition | ListBase",
    "seo_description": "Download US House of Representatives Historical Composition — 116 records. Available in Excel, CSV, PDF formats.",
    "key_takeaways": [
      "Contains 116 records / 12 fields",
      "Available for free download in Excel, CSV, and PDF formats",
      "Data sourced from: https://github.com/vincentarelbundock/Rdatasets"
    ]
  }
}